Careers, Jobs and Education Resources for: El Salvador

El Salvador achieved independence from Spain in 1821 and from the Central American Federation in 1839. A 12-year civil war, which cost about 75,000 lives, was brought to a close in 1992 when the government and leftist rebels signed a treaty that provided for military and political reforms. (from the CIA)

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Economic Overview

The smallest country in central america, el salvador has the third largest economy, but growth has been modest in recent years. robust growth in non-traditional exports have offset declines in the maquila exports, while remittances and external aid offset the trade deficit from high oil prices and strong import demand for consumer and intermediate goods. el salvador leads the region in remittances per capita with inflows equivalent to nearly all export income. implementation in 2006 of the central america-dominican republic free trade agreement (cafta), which el salvador was the first to ratify, has strengthened an already positive export trend. with the adoption of the us dollar as its currency in 2001, el salvador lost control over monetary policy and must concentrate on maintaining a disciplined fiscal policy. the current government has pursued economic diversification, with some success in promoting textile production, international port services, and tourism through tax incentives. it is committed to opening the economy to trade and investment, and has embarked on a wave of privatizations extending to telecom, electricity distribution, banking, and pension funds. in late 2006, the government and the millennium challenge corporation signed a five-year, $461 million compact to stimulate economic growth and reduce poverty in the country's northern region through investments in education, public services, enterprise development, and transportation infrastructure.

Environmental Issues

Deforestation; soil erosion; water pollution; contamination of soils from disposal of toxic wastes

Government Type

Republic

Population

7,066,403 (july 2008 est.)

Location

Central america, bordering the north pacific ocean, between guatemala and honduras

Area

Total: 21,040 sq km land: 20,720 sq km water: 320 sq km

Slightly smaller than massachusetts

Country Aliases

Conventional long form: republic of el salvador conventional short form: el salvador local long form: republica de el salvador local short form: el salvador

Capital

Name: san salvador geographic coordinates: 13 42 n, 89 12 w time difference: utc-6 (1 hour behind washington, dc during standard time)

Military Service

18 years of age for selective compulsory military service; 16 years of age for voluntary service; service obligation - 8 months, but 11 months for officers and ncos (2008)

International Disputes

International court of justice (icj) ruled on the delimitation of "bolsones" (disputed areas) along the el salvador-honduras boundary, in 1992, with final agreement by the parties in 2006 after an organization of american states (oas) survey and a further icj ruling in 2003; the 1992 icj ruling advised a tripartite resolution to a maritime boundary in the gulf of fonseca advocating honduran access to the pacific; el salvador continues to claim tiny conejo island, not identified in the icj decision, off honduras in the gulf of fonseca

Sources: Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)



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