Careers, Jobs and Education Resources for: Papua New Guinea

The eastern half of the island of New Guinea - second largest in the world - was divided between Germany (north) and the UK (south) in 1885. The latter area was transferred to Australia in 1902, which occupied the northern portion during World War I and continued to administer the combined areas until independence in 1975. A nine-year secessionist revolt on the island of Bougainville ended in 1997 after claiming some 20,000 lives. (from the CIA)

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Economic Overview

Papua new guinea is richly endowed with natural resources, but exploitation has been hampered by rugged terrain and the high cost of developing infrastructure. agriculture provides a subsistence livelihood for 85% of the population. mineral deposits, including copper, gold, and oil, account for nearly two-thirds of export earnings. the government of prime minister somare has expended much of its energy remaining in power. he was the first prime minister ever to serve a full five-year term. the government also brought stability to the national budget, largely through expenditure control; however, it relaxed spending constraints in 2006 and 2007 as elections approached. numerous challenges still face the government including regaining investor confidence, restoring integrity to state institutions, promoting economic efficiency by privatizing moribund state institutions, and balancing relations with australia, its former colonial ruler. other socio-cultural challenges could upend the economy including a worsening hiv/aids epidemic and chronic law and order and land tenure issues. australia will supply more than $300 million in aid in fy07/08, which accounts for nearly 20% of the national budget.

Environmental Issues

Rain forest subject to deforestation as a result of growing commercial demand for tropical timber; pollution from mining projects; severe drought

Government Type

Constitutional parliamentary democracy

Population

5,931,769 (july 2008 est.)

Location

Oceania, group of islands including the eastern half of the island of new guinea between the coral sea and the south pacific ocean, east of indonesia

Area

Total: 462,840 sq km land: 452,860 sq km water: 9,980 sq km

Slightly larger than california

Country Aliases

Conventional long form: independent state of papua new guinea conventional short form: papua new guinea local short form: papuaniugini former: territory of papua and new guinea abbreviation: png

Capital

Name: port moresby geographic coordinates: 9 30 s, 147 10 e time difference: utc+10 (15 hours ahead of washington, dc during standard time)

Military Service

16 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2008)

International Disputes

Relies on assistance from australia to keep out illegal cross-border activities from primarily indonesia, including goods smuggling, illegal narcotics trafficking, and squatters and secessionists

Sources: Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)

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